TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 697: Design Guidelines for Increasing the Lateral Resistance of Highway-Bridge Pile Foundations by Improving Weak Soils examines guidance for strengthening of soils to resist lateral forces on bridge pile foundations.
The report presents computational methods for assessing soil-strengthening options using finite-element analysis of single piles and pile groups and a simplified approach employing commercially available software.